Showing posts with label on. Show all posts
Showing posts with label on. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 24, 2016

How to Get a Boyfriend Back by Let Him Alone

If you want to get your boyfriend back, then you should not make it easy for him. When then two of you separated, let him alone for a while. Give him time to heal from the wound and by time goes by, he will start to think about things that the two of you have. He will start to miss you and it is the best time to start communicating with him again.  When he start to make a call, accept it warmly but don’t give in too easily. This way he will try harder just to get back to you and keep you by his side and this is the smart move on how to get a boyfriend back.

Monday, May 23, 2016

psychology Coping with Disappointment Congratulate Yourself 10 Ways to Put a Positive Spin on It

Putting a positive spin on coping with disappointment is easy when you use a few simple tricks.

Here are 10 easy-to-use techniques to keep in mind when dealing with disappointment:

1. CONGRATULATE YOURSELF

Yes, thats right, congratulate yourself for having enough hope in the first place to have gotten disappointed. Many times people dont risk being hopeful because of the fear of disappointment. So, if youre experiencing disappointment, that can only mean that you had enough courage to be hopeful. Congratulations!

2. LIFE LESSON

Next, ask yourself, "What life lesson have I learned from this particular experience?" This has an interesting effect on your perception and immediately sets your mind in a positive frame to look for answers (instead of sulking in disappointment.) This also allows you to take a proactive approach when life is "pushing you around." You can either let life push, or step aside and allow life to "fall on its face" because you know youve grown on an emotional level from coping with disappointment in this manner.

3. STAY IN YOUR POWER

Stay within your own power by letting go of things outside of your control and by taking action on the things within your sphere of influence. Many times, we experience disappointment because we are looking to others for results. Ask yourself, "How can I make my desire happen?" Or, "Is this something that I really dont have control over and Id be better off letting go of others results?" By breaking the pattern of disappointment and asking questions, you are tapping into a unique power within your brain. In fact, positive psychology studies show that when our brains are kept positive, they are physically more capable of finding answers. Staying within your power and asking questions keeps your brain positive and active.

4. TRAIN YOUR BRAIN - LAW OF ATTRACTION

Dwelling on disappointments mentally and physically trains your brain to attract more disappointment vibrations. When coping with disappointment, its significant to note that your thoughts multiple. So, if you are fixated on a disappointment, instead of harnessing the positive power of your brain to find answers, youre actually "sentencing" your brain to being imprisoned thinking about disappointment. Of greater significance is the fact that your brain is also putting out "addictive" chemicals that keep your body craving disappointment. Instead, notice when youre thinking about disappointment and interrupt this thought pattern by thinking of something else... Perhaps congratulating yourself!

5. BIG PICTURE

When coping with disappointment, it is helpful to compare where the disappointment sits in the big "scheme of things." Is it a significant setback or just a "blip" in the overall big picture of life. Successful people know how to keep perspective and they do this by keeping their long-range goals in mind and chipping away until they attain results. Using this technique in your everyday life works wonders. In this regard, it is very helpful to have a personal development plan for reference and for staying focused on your "overall" goals and desires.



Positive Thinking - Can the Way You Think Affect Your Health Physically?

Coping with Disappointment? Congratulate Yourself - 10 Ways to Put a Positive Spin on It

Motivational speaker Gavin Ingham interviews goal setting expert Andy Smith

How to Get Ex Girlfriend Back in the Right Situation

Choosing the right time and situation is important to attract your ex girlfriend and ask her to back. You should make sure that she is in good mood and you could touch her emotionally. One of the best situations is in a friend group’s gathering where you can enjoy joking, laughing and telling stories together. Then, pull her aside and start to talk more deeply about another try. However, it is not something that you could do directly. You should have good communication with her before. Contact her through text messages; the written communication could make you think much about positive talk and avoid the negatives. That is the best tip you try on how to get ex girlfriend back.
Love quotes and sayings

psychology Are You Planning To Go For An On Line Phd

The growing popularity of pursuing education online made way for the beginning of on line PhD. Students, professionals and other people who are willing but not able to pursue further education through a regular college, can now pursue on line PhD. for career enhancement. Students with a masters degree and in some cases, bachelors degrees are eligible for pursuing PhD courses. 

However, there is no such thing as an easy PhD. On the part of an individual, pursuing and acquiring an online PhD degree requires as much effort as required in a regular PhD course. At the same time, as an enrolled student, you can be assured of the fact that you would attain the same level of understanding as is attainable through a regular PhD course since both are equally focused on research.

An ideal online PhD program would involve the study of both the theoretical and experiential aspects of a subject. 

PhD Online Courses 

There is a growing trend among students to opt for PhD courses available online like PhD in psychology, business, criminal justice, social studies and MBA. But, privileged professional fields such as law and medicine are looked upon as something, which is supposed to be ideally pursued by going through a full period conventional regular course. 

Distance Learning PhD Vs. On Line PhD 

1). While a distance learning PhD may or may not require a student to register a certain minimum level of attendance in the college, an online course assures you the comfort of your home right from the start till the time you become a PhD doctorate. 
2). You can expect an easier availability of study material, and research resources online as compared to distance learning.
3). Self-scheduling your exams is one of the key advantages of online PhD education over distance PhD.

Benefits Of Pursuing Phd Course Online

*When compared to a regular PhD course, an online program imparts the same degree of learning and level of qualification to the student
*An online program saves the individual from disturbing his or her current flow of income and thus in a way is beneficial for him or her in financial terms from the future prospect as well.
*It allows an individual to add to his or her qualifications continuously. 
*Being an on line PhD candidate, you are free to select a schedule for attending classes and even exams.
*Pursuing a PhD program online saves you not only a great deal of time but a great deal of money as well.
*A computer and an Internet connection is all you need to undertake an on line course, unlike a regular course.
*PhD online courses are flexible and can be even customized according to the specific needs of specific professionals.

How To Assess Whether A Particular PhD School IS Genuine?

*Always check whether the institute is approved/accredited by the concerned regulatory authority. 
*Try to find out whether the institute is involved only in providing online degrees or is it a physically established entity running online as well as regular courses. In case you have to choose between the two, always prefer latter over former (as it is more reliable). 
*Try to extract an honest feedback from the current alumni of the institute. 
*Evaluate whether the institute is focused on just theoretical aspect or it takes care of practical aspects as well, including the mentor-mentee interaction.

Saturday, May 21, 2016

Are Your Relationships Challenging

Is getting along with people difficult? Then, I would ask myself; does my life revolve around assumptions and gossip?

Sometimes misunderstanding, hear-say, gossip or accusation can ruins lives. Live your life as "The Four Agreements" and have wonderful harmonious relationships. "The Four Agreements 1. Be impeccable with your word. 2. Dont take anything personally. 3. Dont make assumptions. 4. Always do your best. "Miguel Ruiz, The Four Agreements: A Practical Guide to Personal Freedom.

It might start as an innocent joke or sometimes justification of an action one takes. However when any "discussion" starts to take shape of one-sided allegation or mere finger-pointing or blame, that is when we need to seat up and question, before posting any comments or personal opinions.

In life, no event, situation or circumstance arouses because of one-sidedness. There are always two people or two parties involved. A falling-out occurs because two people or a group of friends may have had a disagreement or misunderstanding of some sort and it leads to disharmony or difference of opinion.

That does not make one party "right" and another party "wrong". When one side refuses to understand or make amends or give benefit of doubt that is when a small situation can snow ball into a nasty conflict.

When so-called friends, relatives or third-party listen to one side of the story and make judgements or even comments negatively. This perpetuates the outcome into a unhelpful one and takes it to a point of no-return.

We sometimes feel helpless as we assume we cannot influence what is happening around us. The good news is; we can help! Please question the intelligence and ask us, "Are you the one who will blindly follow unfounded information?" "Would you believe anything anyone relates?" Rumours are dangerous and it might give a short term buzz, but please be aware of the damage it may be causing!

Never take a story from one angle and support it, however close friend or relative you might be? When people have beliefs that are different from our own, they get scared, defend themselves, and impose their point of view on others. Sometimes we listen to gossip and make assumptions. Find the courage to ask questions and to express what you feel is kind, loving and helpful. Communicate with others as clearly as you can, to avoid any misunderstandings, sadness and dramas. With just this one agreement, "Dont make assumptions", we can transform our life completely!

When we make assumptions it is because we believe we know what others are thinking and feeling. We believe we know their point of view and their dreams. We forget that our beliefs are just our point of view based on our belief system and personal experiences and have nothing to do with what others think and feel.

I know, if someone gets angry with me, it is because my belief system is challenging their belief system and they get scared. They need to defend their point of view. I do not become angry, create conflict and expend energy arguing. As I am well aware of the damage assumptions and gossip can create. Hence I maintain my silence. Instead I empower myself with the "Powers".

Understanding Powers

Power of Silence
Silence is Golden, Silence is stillness of mind. Silence is the gap between each thought. Experience and increase this gap and remember our original nature; our innate original vibrating Self. Through silence we can achieve that seems unachievable or impossible.

Power of Meditation
Meditation allows us to create a window to access our innate natural state of being. It allows us to effortlessly be joyful, experience a peaceful moment with nature, be warm and patient with our loved ones, and fully be present to enjoy the blissful energy radiated by our pets.

Power of Blessings
Giving and receiving blessings is one of the most potent actions of all other deeds of GOD. Gods every spoken or unspoken word becomes a blessing for us. We are living images of God on this earth. To give even the slightest glimpse of the Almighty Authority, if we perform this one act joyfully then we would be able to give vision of GOD on this earth. We can emphatically say we have accomplished our purpose on this earth when we understand and use the power of blessings.

Power of Forgiveness
When we hold grudge, anger, jealously, hatred, resentment, revenge, irritation, frustration, and impatience, it opens the door to FEAR. Forgiveness unveils the negative emotions and dissolves them. Learning to forgive is like learning to walk. Step by step. Forgiveness melts the toughest rocks or in our case the hardest hearts into love and well-being.

Power of Appreciation
Appreciation and Humility are twins. When we have one we experience the other. When we are not humble we can not appreciate. When we are appreciative of every thing and every one in our life, it is a humbling experience. Appreciation de-energises the power to our EGO Self; the body consciousness. Appreciation is the single most powerful act to bring ourselves back into the Light Nodes or check the Nodes of Being Spectrum.

Power of Non Judgement
Each an every soul on this earth is unique. Each one has at least one very unique talent that no other soul on this earth has. It has been gifted by GOD. So criticising others will cause us to belittle Gods action. I learnt not to judge people a long time ago and I have spared myself so much agony and heart-ache. I have also tapped into this renewed energy which has freed me from this vicious cycle of focusing, judging, categorising, labelling and boxing people, events, circumstances or situations into "bad", "very very bad", "not so good", "terrible", "could be better", "not enough", "horrible", "good", etc.

Sometimes also referred to as being a S.L.O.B.! (Sorting, Labelling, Organising and Boxing) incidents, persons, conditions, state of affairs, behaviours, consequences, outcomes, results, experiences, occurrences, happenings, occasions, events or circumstances.

Search For Person The Top And Uncomplicated Way To obtain Somebody On The Internet

By Jessica Lauren

Now on the net you can search for person. You might be wondering how you would go about searching for a person on the www.

Search For Person

When searching for somebody on the net its tremendously not difficult. You can do this a number of ways in reality. You can search on the web by going into google. When searching through google all you need to do is enter the last name the first name of the person. If it is a woman and they might have a maiden name you can try searching through that as well since they might have gotten divorced and went back to their maiden name.

Search For Person

You can get a lot of different information on the world wide web about a person. If you want to unearth information for people on the web you can easily get hold of it by using search for a person search engines available on the net. Search through google can mean that you are riffling through thousands,millions or even billions of countless records but you can go to a people search engine and find people easily since they specialize in finding people.

Using a people search engine will give you a terrific advantage over other people that are still trying to utilize search engines like google and bing. To utilize the search engine just enter the first name and the last name of whoever you are searching for. You can also enter the state if that you believe the person is living in.

After performing the searches you will see a list of results. These results will come up in less than a minute depending on your connection but after they come up you will be able to see information like location, family members and age. When you have this information you will be able to tell if they are the right person that you are searching for or if it is just somebody that has the same name.

A family or friend reunion can be a awesome experience. Life long friendships have been saved and new friends and family bonds have been created since the revolutionary search for people engines have come into play on the internet.

Though places such as facebook, myspace and other social networks are a awesome way to acquire those long lost loved ones, sometimes it is just not going to work because some people may be using facebook and the other person may be using myspace. Maybe you will pass like ships in the night. That would be so sad. By using the engines that are meant to discover people you can harvest real information and get real results and connections. - 31368

About the Author:

Monday, May 16, 2016

Simple Tips on How to Get ex Back and Keep Her

A great feeling is raised when two persons loving each other. Therefore, if they have had break up, one of them might actually feel pain. In some case, pain could possibly transform into anger. At the same time, some men want to get ex back, thus a question rise: how to get ex back and keep her. There are many ways to get the love back, one of them is: do not repeat mistakes. Try to apologize for all mistakes you have done in the past. At this point, you must make a promise that you won’t make her hurt again.

Saturday, May 14, 2016

Wedding Gift Ideas To Win Hearts

By Owen Jones

The occasion of a wedding is a red letter day for anyone. Just being asked to one can cause real excitement. It is always a delight to see someone walk down the aisle with the promise of true love and life long joy. Picking out a wedding gift can be a lot of fun too. There are thousands of gifts that you can buy online or in retail stores.

Personalized gifts is a common trend in weddings presents. Bespoke gifts bring out your creativity because you can dictate the style, design and message you want to be printed on them. Products range from photo frames, mugs and clocks, among many others.

When buying gifts, always bear in mind your resources but be certain to get the look you want on the items you buy. Here are some gift ideas that would definitely be a hit:

Tapestry - It is lovely to remember the wedding day, but how best to do this? Personalize everyday belongings by printing the couples picture on them. You can have it printed on pillows, blankets or bags.

Have them printed on a tapestry wall hanging and they can be kept as heirlooms. Different coloured cotton threads can make your pictures come to life just like the photograph itself.

Photo Frames - Keep your best pictures in exclusive photo frames. You can add romantic messages like lovers forever" or "ideal couple". Romantic lines from songs or poems are recommended too. You can choose from the different frames obtainable like natural wood, quality resin, or metal steel.

Private messages are mostly engraved by laser or cut out of wood. The couple would love putting there favorite wedding photos in such frames to remind them of the happiness of their special day.

T-shirts - Show your own personality and feelings by having them printed on comfortable tees. Many couples would love to demonstrate their love for each other on cute shirts. The most widespread of the slogans on these shirts is the letter "I" followed by a big red heart and then name of the groom or bride.

You could tell the world how you feel towards a person with such a bespoke tee. If you want to be more intimate, you could also print romantic messages on lingerie or underwear.

Accessories - Women love accessories. Bracelets are ideal items for personalization. You could choose sterling silver or even 9 carat - 22 carat gold. This depends on your finances, of course. But remember, it is the thought that counts.

Common themes that are put on bracelets are the date of your wedding or your anniversary or the couples name. You can personalize rings and necklaces in the same way too.

Tankards - Tankards are very handy. If you are giving a gift to the groom, customizing his beer mug or wine glass would surely be appreciated. Choose a beer mug that is not embarrassing. Pewter or glass look nice and the personal message would stand out clearly.

Clocks - You could buy a wall clock or personal watches. Either way, you can be assured that the couple would find them very useful. Engraving ones name on a metal steel sports watch is an eye catcher too. A pocket watch would be equally valued.

Looking for wedding gifts can be very enjoyable. Personalizing your gifts would add a special touch to each present. No matter the value of the gift, remember that it is always the thought that matters most. - 31368

About the Author:

Friday, May 13, 2016

How to Get Ex Back After She Has Moved On and Stay Away from You

She already moves on and stays away from you, while you sitting all alone wishing to hold her again. The question, how to get ex back after she has moved on is filling your head. For sure, it is not easy, but persistence could make impossible become possible.
Since she has moved on, you must move on but you should not stay away from her. You must get a little closer once in a while until you become a friend to her. Gain her trust and her heart with better behavior. Show her you have change into a better person that she wants you to. Make her sure that being back again is the best option for you both.

Wednesday, May 11, 2016

How to Get Ex Back When He Has Moved On and Forget You



He looks so happy and seems forget you already while you always crying in the night wish for him to come back. Instead of crying, better you read tips on how to get ex back when he has moved on.
First, you must understand pride of a man. There is no way for men to show needy and desperation. Although he seems happy and forget you, does not mean he gets rid you completely from his mind. Show him that you still have interest on him in a proud way. Do not beg. Just be honest with your feeling and let him decide what next. If he really forgets you, make him remember. 

Related article:
Doesthe Win Him Back Letter Work for Humorous Guy...

Tuesday, May 10, 2016

Spotlight on Sports Psychology

If you are interested in Sports and want to research, train and teach sports professionals towards improving their performance and increasing their motivation levels, then a career as a Sports Psychologist is just what you want to pursue.

Sport Psychology is the study of the psychological and mental factors which influence and which are influenced by the participation and the performance of any sport, exercise and physical activity. With the use of this knowledge, Sports Psychologists aim to create an environment that serves to enhance the development of sports professionals by helping coaches who work with athletes to increase the athletes’ motivation levels.

Sports Psychology uses some very interesting methods and techniques to gain their results. These are:
Cohesion: Inculcating and encouraging team spirit, mutual respect and teamwork
Imagery: Using the power of creative visualization athletes can ‘see’ themselves performing better
Confidence: Athletes need to feel self-confident and should believe that they can improve their performance
Motivation: This includes ‘Intrinsic Motivation’ which comes from within the athlete and ‘Extrinsic Motivation’ that comes from external sources - both of which combine together to give the athlete the motivation to perform better every time
Attentional Focus: This helps the athletes to block out the crowd, the other team and even issues from their personal lives while focusing on their game

As a Sports Psychologist you will be trained to research into these techniques and methods, teach these to other people (like coaches) and even consult with different teams and coaches in creating specialized techniques suited to an individual sport.

To pursue a career as a Sports Psychologist, you will need to begin with a Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology and then choose Sports Psychology as your major for your Master’s Degree. As a Sports Psychologist you can expect a salary range between $18,000 to $22,000 annually. You can find employment opportunities with schools, universities, colleges and with amateur and professional sports teams.

Interest and experience in sports and sport coaching will also add to your hands-on experience and knowledge and will help you to build your career as a Sports Psychologist. It will also help you if you have the practical ability to apply your knowledge of psychology to sports, if you can establish good working relationships with athletes and coaches, you work with a team and can also observe team behavior while doing so and you can work with coaches and teams and keep an open, learning mind every step of the way.
To know more about

Golf Psychology: The Post Shot Routine

Spotlight on Sports Psychology

Monday, May 9, 2016

How to Get Ex Back from another Girl

You have had a break up, because the love one directing the whole attention on another girl. Then, suddenly you ask: how to get ex back from another girl? It is simple. You only need to maximize your potency. It means that you have to be the best woman who surpassed the other girl. Make yourself to be more beautiful and attractive is the key, so that the ex-man turned his gaze back to you. You must try to correct your behavior, while eliminating the undesirable behavior. If succeeded, the man will be shifting once again for you. It is easy, right?

How to Get Ex Back When She Has a Boyfriend Better than You Are



When she already has a new boyfriend with much more better resume than you have, you should not give up effortlessly. This lesson of how to get ex back when she has a boyfriend will show you the possibility is still there.
With woman, you should work with her heart. Although luxury is important for women, they will easily melt for man who can touch her heart. She needs genuineness, more understanding, and unconditional love from the man. You must able to show her that you have better heart than her boyfriend has. Yet, make sure you do it in smooth way without confronting the boyfriend because women hate cruel man. 

Related article:
How to Get Ex Back after Cheating Tips


After Break up and How to Get Back with YourEx Boyfriend

A girl have had break up. Soon she felt down, felt to be most unhappy person. And then she may be thinking about get the love back. Yes, she desperately wants him although she doesn’t know what to do. The problem is: how to get back with your ex boyfriend. So much effort to do before she finally win his love back and eventually the road is long. However, if possible, you can at least ask him whether or not she made mistakes before you two decided to break up. Know your mistakes can help you fix certain things first before you ever make the first move.

Saturday, May 7, 2016

psychology What’s the story on cognitive behavioral therapy

The world always seems a better place when an acronym really works. In this case, the word is NICE which currently stands for the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (the powers-that-be added the "Health and" later on). Now we all know the Brits live like savages in caves and are routinely culled by doctors working for the death squads sometimes called the National Health Service. But NICE is actually a good idea. It routinely investigates all the potential treatments available for each disease or disorder to find out which work the best. It then only funds the most efficient and effective treatments. If cave-dwelling Brits want the other stuff, they have to pay for it out of their own pockets. This sets national standards for treatments and overcomes the so-called zip code lottery where the quality of treatment depended on whether each local hospital was up with the latest medical research. In the US, everyone in the healthcare industry is in business and sells treatments with the highest profit margin regardless whether the treatments are the best. So, unless you do your own research to find out which treatments actually represent good value for money, you are at the mercy of your local doctors and their for-profit employers.

Anyway, NICE has been steadily working its way through all the major treatments (that’s drugs, medical devices and surgical procedures) and, not so long ago, it reached pain management. This is the emerging speciality that sees pain as a disease or disorder in its own right. So, after you have treated the underlying problem causing the pain and produced the best outcome, you move on to treat the continuing pain. For these purposes, the new hospital departments are cross-disciplinary with contributions being made from specialists who previously had worked separately. Now all come together to find the best solutions for each individual patient. This recognizes everyone as potentially unique with a different medical history, different job constraints and family commitments. The plan is to come up with a holistic treatment program to give everyone the best chance of achieving a good quality of life.

The primary driver in this is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). This has been growing in strength over the last twenty years and now has general acceptance throughout the National Health Service. As the name suggests, it does two things. It helps people to a better understanding of their condition, and shows them how to modify their behavior to improve their lives. Like an infection, CBT is spreading in the US market but, so far, it’s not making much progress. It tramples on the toes of the empire builders who make their money with the treatment regimes as they are. No-one wants change when it threatens profits. This means most of us in pain line up to see our primary care physician. Since most pain among us walking wounded is in the range of moderate to severe, the caring doctor gives us a prescription for tramadol. This is a safe and highly effective drug. It keeps pain under control. When everyone knows this is the knee-jerk reaction to pain, we all switch to buy tramadol online. No prescription is required and it’s far cheaper than buying it in the neighborhood drug store. Save money, manage pain.


What’s the story on cognitive behavioral therapy?

Cognitive behavioral therapy is the best

Drug Addiction Treatment - Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Thursday, May 5, 2016

psychology Effects of Attractiveness on Jury Decision Making

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of personal characteristics of the defendant and the victim on jury decision making. The participants of jury simulation research were asking to read the summary of the fact and four different scenarios. They were asked several questions about how they felt about the defendant and the victim. Each participant recommended a sentence for a defendant. Results showed that a defendant was rated more favorably when described as having attractive character. Besides, the length of the sentence did not differ significantly subject to the character description of the defendant. 
The findings of this study can help to understand why jurors take certain decision, why they behave like they behave and what important characteristics of defendants influence them.
Introduction
There are quite a lot of various factors that can influence jury decision making. Some of the important factors are the personal characteristics and socio-economic status of a defendant that have a great influence on the assessment of guilt by jury member. It has been shown that the defendant’s appearance can have a great impact on juror’s perception. As a rule, attractive people enjoy more people’s confidence than unattractive ones. And at the court they also can be treated with more leniencies and tolerance. 
Many social and forensic psychologists have become interested in studying this issue. They investigated different aspects of it including personal characteristics of the defendant, of the victim, of the jury members, etc. Speaking about personal characteristics, there should be pointed out that physical appearance, person’s attractiveness are the most obvious characteristics that can have positive as well as negative impacts on people. Because it is the first thing by which we judge about a person.
There are a lot of researchers investigating the influence of the defendant’s attractiveness on juror’s decisions of guilt or innocence. There should be mentioned: Landy and Aronson (1969); Dion, Berscheid, and Walster (1972); Efran (1974); Nemeth and Sosis (1073) and others.
In the present research it was hypothesized that an attractive character description would provide positive perception of the defendant while negative description would cause negative one. Besides, the second hypothesis concerned the fact that more attractive defendant would receive shorter and more lenient sentence recommendation.
Opening paragraph
The present study was devoted to the investigation of an attractiveness of the defendant and its influence on the length of the sentence. The participants were asked to rate the defendant’s attractiveness according to the proposed scenarios and to determine his sentence. This research is very important, as reveals significant aspects of juror’s decision making. The present research allowed us to receive quite valid data on the individual level. So, the thesis statement of this research is that it investigates individual level of juror decision making without taking into account collective form of decision making. 
Literature review
As it was mentioned in the introduction, there are many researchers who investigate the influence of the attractiveness of the defendant on juror decision making. In particular, Landy and Aronson (1969) conducted their research using the case of a driving accident as a result of the defendant’s alcohol intoxication. The results of their research were not very effective, that’s why in the present research there were used the case and scenarios from Landy and Aronson’s study to verify their findings. Another researchers, Nemeth and Sosis (1073) carried out a simulated jury study. They use in their investigation a new method – group discussion, as they supposed that it could have less influence on the length of the sentence and inappropriate juror’s decisions while individual decision making could distort the perception of the defendant. Dion, Berscheid, and Walster (1972) studied the correlation between the attractiveness and desirable social skills of people. They used the following method: they showed photographs of different people to the participants of the research. The participants were asked to rate them according to their socially desirable traits. The result revealed that more attractive people were rated as having more socially desirable skills. Besides, in their study, some photographs of children who committed severe crimes were proposed to the participants. The results showed that the crimes were perceived as less severe and less negative if attractive children committed them. Moreover, the participants claimed that attractive children would never commit a crime again, while unattractive would be able to do it. 
Efran (1974) researched the influence of a defendant’s attractiveness on the length and the level of severance of the sentence. At first, the participants were asked to answer the pre-experimental questionnaire. As a result, 79% of the participant claimed that the jurors should take into account first of all the dependant’s physical attractiveness. Then the researcher proposed photographs of attractive and unattractive students with the described case of their cheating. The participants had to rate them according to six-point scale. The results showed that the attractive defendants received shorter and milder punishment. 
Mazzela and Feingold (1994) conducted another interesting study. They carried out a meta-analysis that included 80 studies. There were 25 studies directed at the research of physical attractiveness. The results were the following: mock jurors were disposed to find attractive defendant less guilty in comparison with unattractive ones. In their investigation the researchers analyzed the correlation between physical attractiveness and the length of the sentence depending on the kind of a crime. In other words, they found that the attractive defendant received the same sentence as unattractive defendants if their crime was swindling. On the other hand, in case of cheating, robbery and rape attractive defendants received shorter and less severe sentence. 
Another researchers, Sigall and Ostrove (1975), studied the correlation between the defendant’s attractiveness, the kind of his crime and juror’s decision. They got very interesting results. First of all, they stated that if a defendant was charged with a crime that did not deal with the physical appearance, attractive defendant received less severe punishment. But if the crime related to physical attractiveness of a person, such as fraud, the attractive defendants received more sever sentence, than unattractive defendants. 
Final Summary
Most of the presented researches show us that attractive defendants often receive shorter, milder and lenient sentences and punishments than unattractive defendants. They are more often considered to be less guilty and able to commit crimes in future. This happens because people always believe that an attractive person is a good person, and only unattractive people are guilty of crimes. This is a stereotype of our society, which naturally influences jurors’ judgments, decisions, and sentences. The present study aims at replicate the results of previous researches, in particular of Landy and Aronson’s study, and at investigate how character description influence juror decision making. 
Method
Participants 
A total of 128 people (61 males and 67 females) were haphazardly selected in the San Diego Country area, in California. 
Design
2 x 2 design is used, as there are two independent variables – 
attractiveness of victim and attractiveness of defendant, each of which has two levels of variation – attractive & unattractive. There are four conditions in this experiment: 1) attractive victim, attractive defendant; 2) unattractive victim, unattractive defendant; 3) attractive victim, unattractive defendant; 4) unattractive victim, attractive defendant.
Materials & Procedure
The participants were asked to read the summary of the fact and then each of the four different scenarios. The case was about a driving accident caused by the defendant’s (Sander) alcohol intoxication. John Sander was driving an annual Christmas office on the evening of December 24 when his automobile killed a pedestrian by the name of Martin Lowe.
The circumstances leading to this event were following: the employee of the insurance office where Sander worked began to party at around 2:00 P.M. By 5:00 P.M. Sander had had several drinks. Soon the party was beginning to break up. Sander left the office building and drove home. Then a policeman stooped him for reckless driving. He said that he would let Sander off if he would promise to leave his car and take a taxi. Sander agreed. But the minute the taxi had returned a corner; Sander told the driver to stop and came back to his own car. Upon reaching he drove off. He ran a red light and stuck Lowe, who was crossing the street. Lowe died a few minutes later in the way to the hospital. Sander was charged with negligent homicide. The police medical examiner’s report indicated that Sander’s estimated blood alcohol concentration was between 2.5 and 3.0%.
After reading the fact, the participants were proposed to read the scenarios.
There were four scenarios: attractive victim, attractive defendant; unattractive victim, unattractive defendant; attractive victim, unattractive defendant; unattractive victim, attractive defendant.
The attractive victim was described as a noted architect of the city and prominent member of the community. He designed a lot of wonderful buildings through out the state and was an active member of community welfare board. He was a founding member of an orphanage. At the time the accident he was on his way to the orphanage to deliver Christmas gifts.
The unattractive victim was described as a notorious gangster and Syndicate boss who had been vying for power in the syndicate controlling the state’s underworld activities. He was allegedly responsible for massacre of 5 men. At the time of the accident he was carrying a loaded 32-calibre pistol. He was out of jail on bond and was awaiting trial for mall fraud and income tax invasion. 
As an attractive person, the defendant was depicted as a 64-year-old insurance adjustor. He was employed for 42 years and was known as a good worker and friendly person. He was a widower as his wife recently died of cancer. He was going to spend Christmas Eve with his son and daughter-in-law. The cause of the accident was his gun wound aggravated at the moment of the accident.
The unattractive defendant was 33-year-old janitor. He was not known by many of the employees of his office. He was 2-time divorcee, with three children by his first wife. He was going to have Christmas Eve with his girlfriend at her apartment. He did not suffer any major injuries n the accident. He had two misdemeanors on his criminal record for breaking and entering and a drug violation.
The defendant was accused of negligent automobile homicide. That crime is punishable by imprisonment of one to twenty-five years in the state. 
The participants were asked to render the length of the defendant’s sentence according to each of the four scenarios. 
The participants were also asked several questions about how they felt about the defendant and the victim. They had to use a nine-point scale from “extremely favorable” to “extremely unfavorable”.
The mean age of participants was 29,3. The sample was represented by the males as well as by the females. 
At the end of the experiment the participant were thanked for their participation and were asked to refrain from discussing the case with anyone. They were informed that if they would like to ask anything more about the study or would like to see the results, they could contact the researcher. 
Results
Manipulation check 
A manipulation check was given to the participants to see if they perceived the independent variable, as it was hypothesized. After reading the case and four scenarios, the participants were asked to rate the favorability of the defendant according to the scale from 1 to 9. The results showed that favorability rating of the defendant differed subject to his character description, t(126)=2.14, p.05. Nevertheless, the results were received in the intended manner. Sentence recommendations for the unattractive defendant (M=15.28, SD= 8.32) were a bit longer, than for the attractive defendant (M=13.30, SD=7.86). But this difference was not statistically very significant.
Victim analysis
The results showed that favorability rating of the victim differed subject to his character description, t(126)= 7.92,p


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